Section 1: Identification

Name: WARFARIN

Section 2: Hazard(s) Identification

GHS Pictogram GHS Pictogram GHS Pictogram

Signal Word(s): Danger

Section 3: Composition/Information on Ingredients

Name: WARFARIN

CAS Registry Number: 81-81-2

UNII: 5Q7ZVV76EI

Section 4: First-Aid Measures

Section 5: Fire-Fighting Measures

Not flammable or combustible.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Special protective equipment for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]

Section 6: Accidental Release Measures

Personal precautions: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.[http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]

Section 7: Handling and Storage

Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

100 mg/cu m[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.1 mg/cu m.[29 CFR 1910.1000 (USDOL); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of November 13, 2013: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/ECFR?page=browse]

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 0.1 mg/cu m.[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 mg/cu m.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH 2013, p. 60]

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH 2013, p. 5]

Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Crystals from alcohol[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]

White powder[Crop Protection Handbook Volume 99, Meister Media Worldwide, Willoughby, OH 2013, p. 733]

The racemate forms colorless crystals[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]

Odorless[Crop Protection Handbook Volume 99, Meister Media Worldwide, Willoughby, OH 2013, p. 733]

Tasteless[Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. V3: 3690]

161 deg C[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]

308.33[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]

Non-corrosive[Hartley, D. and H. Kidd (eds.). The Agrochemicals Handbook. 2nd ed. Lechworth, Herts, England: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1987.]

pKa = 5.87[Wiczling P et al; Anal Chem 76: 3069-77 (2004)]

log Kow = 2.70[Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 161]

In water, 17 mg/L at 20 deg C[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]

Soluble in acetone, dioxane; moderately soluble in methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, some oils; freely soluble in alkaline aqueous solution (forms a water-sol sodium salt); practically insoluble in benzene, cyclohexane, Skellysolves A and B.[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]

In acetone 65, chloroform 56, dioxane 100 (all in g/L, 20 deg C)[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]

Max UV absorption (water, pH 10): 308 nm (epsilon 13610)[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]

Maximum absorption (ethanol): 271 nm (epsilon = 10808, log(epsilon) = 4.0338); 287 nm (epsilon = 9289, log(epsilon) = 3.9680); 306 nm (epsilon = 11027, log(epsilon) = 4.0424[Bevans CG et al; Biochemica at Biophysica Acta 1830 4202-10 (2013). Available from, as of Mar 12, 2015: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304416513001463] **QC REVIEWED**

Intense mass spectral peaks: 265 m/z (100%), 43 m/z (46%), 121 m/z (38%), 187 m/z (27%)[Hites, R.A. Handbook of Mass Spectra of Environmental Contaminants. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 1985., p. 364]

IR: 19548 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism Collection)[Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V2: 1577]

UV: 6416 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection)[Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V2: 1577]

MASS: 107153 (NIST/EPA/MSDC Mass Spectral Database, 1990 version)[Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V2: 1577]

Intense mass spectral peaks: 103 m/z, 131 m/z, 146 m/z, 181 m/z, 308 m/z[Pfleger, K., H. Maurer and A. Weber. Mass Spectral and GC Data of Drugs, Poisons and their Metabolites. Parts I and II. Mass Spectra Indexes. Weinheim, Federal Republic of Germany. 1985., p. 540]

1.5X10-3 mPa /1.125X10-8 mm Hg/ at 25 deg C[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]

Warfarin has an acidic enol which forms metallic salts and an acetate, mp 117-118 deg C, and a ketone which forms an oxime, mp 182-183 deg C and a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, mp 215-216 deg C[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]

Following reconstitution of amorphous warfarin sodium powder for injection with sterile water soln containing 25 mg of warfarin sodium per ml have a pH of 7.2-8.3 /Warfarin Sodium/[American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug Information 85. Bethesda, MD: American Society Hospital Pharmacists, 1985. (Plus supplements A & B, 1985)., p. 565]

pH (1 in 100 soln) between 7.2 & 8.3 /Warfarin potassium, warfarin sodium/[Osol, A. (ed.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 16th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1980., p. 768]

Soluble up to 400 g/L in water /Warfarin sodium/[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]

Solubility: 1 g in 1.5 mL water, 1.9 mL alcohol, >10,000 mL chloroform, >10,000 mL ether /Warfarin potassium/[Osol, A. (ed.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 16th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1980., p. 768]

White, odorless, crystalline powder that is discolored by light; very soluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol; very slightly soluble in chloroform and ether /Warfarin sodium/[Physicians Desk Reference 67th ed. PDR Network, LLC, Montvale, NJ. p. 2666(2013)]

Section 10: Stability and Reactivity

Section 11: Toxicological Information

All references are peer reviewed