Section 1: Identification
Name: WARFARIN
Uses:
- For warfarin (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 086002) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./[National Pesticide Information Retrieval System's Database on Warfarrin (81-81-2). Available from, as of November 18, 2013: http://npirspublic.ceris.purdue.edu/ppis/]
- Warfarin and its sodium salt are registered for use in controlling commensal rodents (rats and mice) in and around homes, animal and agricultural premises, and commercial and industrial sites.[USEPA; R.E.D (Reregistration Eligibility Decision) Facts - Warfarin. June 1991. Available from, as of Jun 17, 2002: http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/reregistration/status.htm]
- Warfarin is a blood anticoagulant; its sodium salt is used medically to treat people with blood hypercoagulation problems.[USEPA; R.E.D (Reregistration Eligibility Decision) Facts - Warfarin. June 1991. Available from, as of Jun 17, 2002: http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/reregistration/status.htm]
- ... Warfarin has been used successfully against common vampire bats.[Shore R.F., Rattner BA. Ecotoxicology of Wild Mammals. Ecological & Environmental Toxicology Series 2001. John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y. 2001, p. 181]
- Anticoagulant[National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings. Warfarin. Online file (MeSH, 2014). Available from, as of November 19, 2013: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2014/mesh_browser/MBrowser.html]
- MEDICATION
Section 2: Hazard(s) Identification
Signal Word(s):
Danger
EPA Hazardous Waste Number:
- P001; (Warfarin, and salts, when present at concentrations greater than 0.3%)
- U248; (Warfarin, and salts, when present at concentrations of 0.3% or less)
Section 3: Composition/Information on Ingredients
Name: WARFARIN
CAS Registry Number: 81-81-2
UNII: 5Q7ZVV76EI
Synonyms:
- 3-(alpha-Acetonylbenzene)-4-hydroxycoumarin[Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 1187]
- 3-(alpha-Acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
- 3-(Acetonylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- 2H-1-BENZOPYRAN-2-ONE, 4-HYDROXY-3-(3-OXO-1-PHENYLBUTYL)-
- COUMAFENE (FRENCH)[Crop Protection Handbook Volume 99, Meister Media Worldwide, Willoughby, OH 2013, p. 733]
- 200 coumarin[Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 1187]
- COUMARIN, 3-(ALPHA-ACETONYLBENZYL)-4-HYDROXY-
- Coumarin, 4-hydroxy-3-(1-phenyl-3-oxobutyl)[Weast, R.C. (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 66th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1985-1986., p. C-217]
- USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 086002[National Pesticide Information Retrieval System's Database on Warfarrin (81-81-2). Available from, as of November 18, 2013: http://npirspublic.ceris.purdue.edu/ppis/]
- 1-(4'-Hydroxy-3'-coumarinyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanone[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
- 4-HYDROXY-3-(3-OXO-1-FENYL-BUTYL) CUMARINE (DUTCH)[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- 4-Hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenyl butyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- 4-HYDROXY-3-(3-OXO-1-PHENYL-BUTYL)-CUMARIN (GERMAN)[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- 4-IDROSSI-3-(3-OXO-)-FENIL-BUTIL)-CUMARINE (ITALIAN)[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- (Phenyl-1 acetyl-2 ethyl) 3-Hydroxy-4 coumarine (French)[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- 3-(1'-PHENYL-2'-ACETYLETHYL)-4-HYDROXYCOUMARIN[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- 3-(ALPHA-PHENYL-BETA-ACETYLETHYL)-4-HYDROXYCOUMARIN[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- KUMADER
- KUMADU
- Liqua-Tox[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- MAAG RATTENTOD CUM
- MAR-FRIN[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- Martin's Mar-Frin[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Mouse Pak[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Rat-o-cide #2[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- RAT-GARD[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- RAT-B-GON[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- RAT-KILL[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- Rat & Mice Bait[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- RAT-MIX[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- RAT-OLA[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- Ratorex[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Ratox[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Ratoxin[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- RATRON
- Ratron G[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- RATS-NO-MORE[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- RATTEN-KOEDERROHR
- RATTENSTREUPULVER NEW SCHACHT
- RATTENTRAENKE
- Rat-trol[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- RATTUNAL[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- RAT-A-WAY[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- Rax[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- RODAFARIN
- Ro-deth[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Rosex[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Rough & Ready Mouse Mix[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Solfarin[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Spray-trol Brand Roden-trol[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- TEMUS W
- Tox-Hid[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Twin light rat away[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Vampirinip II[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Vampirinip III[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Warf-12[Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 1187]
- WARF 42
- WARFARAT[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- Warfarin Q[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Warfarine (French)[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- WARF Compound 42[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
- WARFICIDE[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- ZOOCOUMARIN (NETHERLANDS AND USSR)
- Arab Rat Death[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- Cov-R-Tox[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.]
- DETHNEL[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- EASTERN STATES DUOCIDE[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- FASCO FASCRAT POWDER[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file., p. 86/8512]
- FRASS-RATRON
Section 4: First-Aid Measures
Emergency Guidelines:
- /GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/[U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2012]
- /GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, toxic; Coumarin derivative pesticide, solid, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, solid, toxic/[U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2012]
Section 5: Fire-Fighting Measures
Not flammable or combustible.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Special protective equipment for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Personal precautions: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.[http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]
Section 7: Handling and Storage
- Hand protection: Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. Eye protection: Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Skin and body protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]
- Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Up to 0.5 mg/cu m:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 5 | Any quarter-mask respirator. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Up to 1 mg/cu m:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 10 | Any particulate respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter (including N95, R95, and P95 filtering facepieces) except quarter-mask respirators. The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100. |
APF = 10 | Any supplied-air respirator. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Up to 2.5 mg/cu m:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 25 | Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode. |
APF = 25 | Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Up to 5 mg/cu m:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 50 | Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter. |
APF = 50 | Any supplied-air respirator that has a tight-fitting facepiece and is operated in a continuous-flow mode. |
APF = 50 | Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and a high-efficiency particulate filter. |
APF = 50 | Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. |
APF = 50 | Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Up to 100 mg/cu m:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 1000 | Any supplied-air respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 10,000 | Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. |
APF = 10,000 | Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Respirator Recommendations: Escape:
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) |
Respirator Recommendations |
---|
APF = 50 | Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter. Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus. |
[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Employees should be provided with and required to use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact with warfarin or liquids containing warfarin.[Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 2]
- Adequate protective clothing should be worn at all times. In the lab this will consist of a lab coat, rubber or polyethylene gloves & a /NIOSH approved respirator or/ respirator of a type applicable to the specific chemical being handled. /Rodenticides/[International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 1955]
Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
100 mg/cu m[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.1 mg/cu m.[29 CFR 1910.1000 (USDOL); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of November 13, 2013: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/ECFR?page=browse]
Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 0.1 mg/cu m.[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 mg/cu m.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH 2013, p. 60]
Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH 2013, p. 5]
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Crystals from alcohol[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
White powder[Crop Protection Handbook Volume 99, Meister Media Worldwide, Willoughby, OH 2013, p. 733]
The racemate forms colorless crystals[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]
Odorless[Crop Protection Handbook Volume 99, Meister Media Worldwide, Willoughby, OH 2013, p. 733]
Tasteless[Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. V3: 3690]
161 deg C[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
308.33[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
Non-corrosive[Hartley, D. and H. Kidd (eds.). The Agrochemicals Handbook. 2nd ed. Lechworth, Herts, England: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1987.]
pKa = 5.87[Wiczling P et al; Anal Chem 76: 3069-77 (2004)]
log Kow = 2.70[Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 161]
In water, 17 mg/L at 20 deg C[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]
Soluble in acetone, dioxane; moderately soluble in methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, some oils; freely soluble in alkaline aqueous solution (forms a water-sol sodium salt); practically insoluble in benzene, cyclohexane, Skellysolves A and B.[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
In acetone 65, chloroform 56, dioxane 100 (all in g/L, 20 deg C)[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]
Max UV absorption (water, pH 10): 308 nm (epsilon 13610)[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
Maximum absorption (ethanol): 271 nm (epsilon = 10808, log(epsilon) = 4.0338); 287 nm (epsilon = 9289, log(epsilon) = 3.9680); 306 nm (epsilon = 11027, log(epsilon) = 4.0424[Bevans CG et al; Biochemica at Biophysica Acta 1830 4202-10 (2013). Available from, as of Mar 12, 2015: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304416513001463] **QC REVIEWED**
Intense mass spectral peaks: 265 m/z (100%), 43 m/z (46%), 121 m/z (38%), 187 m/z (27%)[Hites, R.A. Handbook of Mass Spectra of Environmental Contaminants. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 1985., p. 364]
IR: 19548 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism Collection)[Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V2: 1577]
UV: 6416 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection)[Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V2: 1577]
MASS: 107153 (NIST/EPA/MSDC Mass Spectral Database, 1990 version)[Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V2: 1577]
Intense mass spectral peaks: 103 m/z, 131 m/z, 146 m/z, 181 m/z, 308 m/z[Pfleger, K., H. Maurer and A. Weber. Mass Spectral and GC Data of Drugs, Poisons and their Metabolites. Parts I and II. Mass Spectra Indexes. Weinheim, Federal Republic of Germany. 1985., p. 540]
1.5X10-3 mPa /1.125X10-8 mm Hg/ at 25 deg C[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]
Warfarin has an acidic enol which forms metallic salts and an acetate, mp 117-118 deg C, and a ketone which forms an oxime, mp 182-183 deg C and a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, mp 215-216 deg C[O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1868]
Following reconstitution of amorphous warfarin sodium powder for injection with sterile water soln containing 25 mg of warfarin sodium per ml have a pH of 7.2-8.3 /Warfarin Sodium/[American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug Information 85. Bethesda, MD: American Society Hospital Pharmacists, 1985. (Plus supplements A & B, 1985)., p. 565]
pH (1 in 100 soln) between 7.2 & 8.3 /Warfarin potassium, warfarin sodium/[Osol, A. (ed.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 16th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1980., p. 768]
Soluble up to 400 g/L in water /Warfarin sodium/[MacBean C, ed; e-Pesticide Manual. 15th ed., ver. 5.1, Alton, UK; British Crop Protection Council. Warfarin (81-81-2) (2008-2010)]
Solubility: 1 g in 1.5 mL water, 1.9 mL alcohol, >10,000 mL chloroform, >10,000 mL ether /Warfarin potassium/[Osol, A. (ed.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 16th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1980., p. 768]
White, odorless, crystalline powder that is discolored by light; very soluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol; very slightly soluble in chloroform and ether /Warfarin sodium/[Physicians Desk Reference 67th ed. PDR Network, LLC, Montvale, NJ. p. 2666(2013)]
Section 10: Stability and Reactivity
Reactivity
- Strong oxidizers.[NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg]
- Warfarin sodium is physically incompatible with ammonium chloride, ... epinephrine HCl, metaraminol bitartrate, oxytocin, promazine HCl, & vancomycin HCl. /from table/[Trissel, L.A. Handbook on Injectable Drugs. 9th ed. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists' Product Development. 1996., p. 1105]
Chemical stability
- Very stable, even to strong acids.[Prager, J.C. Environmental Contaminant Reference Databook Volume 1. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1995., p. 525]
- Warfarin potassium & warfarin sodium are discolored by light. /Warfarin potassium & warfarin sodium/[American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug Information 85. Bethesda, MD: American Society Hospital Pharmacists, 1985. (Plus supplements A & B, 1985)., p. 565]
- After constitution, warfarin sodium is physically & chemically stable for only 4 hr at room temp.[Trissel, L.A. Handbook on Injectable Drugs. 9th ed. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists' Product Development. 1996., p. 1105]
Other
- When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke & fumes.[Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3394]
Section 11: Toxicological Information
- Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides.[Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Warfarin, Product Number: A2250, Version 5.1 (Revision Date 11/6/2012). Available from, as of November 21, 2013: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/a2250?lang=en®ion=US]
All references are peer reviewed